Grapes Table of Contents

• 2024 Grapes Table of Contents
  • 2024 New York and Pennsylvania Pest Management Guidelines for Grapes
  • 1 Pesticide Information
    • 1.1 Pesticide Classification and Certification
    • 1.2 Use Pesticides Properly
      • 1.2.1 Plan Ahead
      • 1.2.2 Move Pesticides Safely
      • 1.2.3 Personal Protective Equipment and Engineering Controls
      • 1.2.4 Avoid Drift, Runoff, and Spills
      • 1.2.5 Avoid Equipment Accidents
      • 1.2.6 Pesticide Storage
    • 1.3 Pollinator Protection
    • 1.4 New York State Pesticide Use Restrictions
      • 1.4.1 Restricted-Use Pesticides
      • 1.4.2 Additional Use Restrictions
    • 1.5 Verifying Pesticide Registration
    • 1.6 Check Label for Site and Pest
    • 1.7 Pesticide Recordkeeping/Reporting
      • 1.7.1 New York State Reporting Requirements
      • 1.7.2 New York State Recordkeeping Requirements
      • 1.7.3 Federal Private Applicator Recordkeeping Requirements
    • 1.8 EPA Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for Agricultural Pesticides
    • 1.9 Reduced-risk Pesticides, Minimum-risk Pesticides, and Biopesticides
      • 1.9.1 Reduced-risk Pesticides
      • 1.9.2 Minimum-risk Pesticides
      • 1.9.3 Biopesticides
    • 1.10 FIFRA 2(ee) Recommendations
  • 2 Introduction
    • 2.1 Overview
    • 2.2 Specific Fungicide, Insecticide, and Herbicide Information
      • 2.2.1 Pesticide Toxicity
      • 2.2.2 Pesticide Compatibility
      • 2.2.3 Adjuvants with Fungicides and Insecticides
      • 2.2.4 Pesticide Resistance Management
      • 2.2.5 Fungicide Physical Mode of Action
      • 2.2.6 Specific State Registration of Pesticides
    • 2.3 How to Develop a Vineyard Pest Management Strategy
    • 2.4 Using NEWA Resources in a Vineyard Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategy
    • 2.5 Growth Stages Critical to Grape Pest Management
    • 2.6 Cornell Publications on Weeds, Insects and Diseases of Grapevines
      • 2.6.1 Fact Sheets
      • 2.6.2 Bulletins
      • 2.6.3 Guidelines, Books, and Proceedings
  • 3 Vineyard Disease Management
    • 3.1 Pest Information – Diseases
      • Table 3.1.1 Relative disease susceptibility and sensitivity to sulfur and copper among grape varieties1.
      • Table 3.1.2 Hours of leaf wetness required for black rot infection to occur, at various temperatures following a rain
      • Table 3.1.3 Approximate generation period for powdery mildew (time from infection by a spore until production of a colony with new spores) at different constant temperaturesa
    • 3.2 Fungicide Information
      • ABOUND
      • APROVIA 0.83EC
      • APROVIA Top 1.62EC
      • BOTECTOR
      • CAPTAN 50WP, CAPTAN 80WDG, CAPTAN 4L, others
      • CEVYA 3.3 SC
      • COPPER COMPOUNDS
      • dexter max
      • DITHANE M-45, *NYDITHANE DF RAINSHIELD, *NYDITHANE F-45 RAINSHIELD, MANZATE PROSTICK 75DF, *NYMANZATE MAX 4F, PENNCOZEB 75DF
      • DOUBLE NICKEL 55, LC
      • ELEVATE 50WDG
      • ENDURA 70 WG
      • FLINT extra
      • GAVEL 75DF
      • GATTEN
      • Howler
      • INSPIRE SUPER 2.82SC
      • INTUITY 4SC
      • JMS STYLET OIL
      • KALIGREEN 82 SP
      • LIFEGARD WG
      • LUNA EXPERIENCE
      • LUNA sensation
      • METEOR
      • METTLE
      • MIRAVIS PRIME
      • NUTROL
      • OSO
      • Ph-D
      • PHOSTROL, PROPHYT
      • PRISTINE
      • PROBLAD VERDE
      • PROCURE 480SC
      • Prolivo 300SC
      • PURESPRAY (“GREEN” AND “FOLIAR”)
      • Quadris Top
      • QUINTEC
      • RALLY 40WSP
      • RAMPART
      • RANMAN 400SC
      • REASON
      • REGALIA
      • REVUS 2SC
      • REVUS Top 4SC
      • RHYME
      • RIDOMIL GOLD/COPPER
      • RIDOMIL GOLD MZ WG
      • Romeo
      • ROVRAL
      • SCALA
      • SOVRAN 50WG
      • Stargus
      • SULFUR
      • SWITCH
      • TEBUCONAZOLE
      • TOPGUARD EQ
      • TORINO
      • trionic 4SC
      • VANGARD WG
      • VITICURE
      • VIVANDO 2.5SC
      • ZAMPRO 4.4SC
      • ZIRAM
      • Table 3.2.1 Physical modes of action of and resistance risk of fungicides used in management of grape diseases1.
      • Table 3.2.2 Effectiveness of fungicides for management of grape diseases1.
      • Table 3.2.2 Effectiveness of fungicides for management of grape diseases1. (continued)
      • Table 3.2.3 Relative doses of individual active ingredients provided by “combination products” when applied at label rates
  • 4 Vineyard Insect & Mite Management
    • 4.1 Pest Information – Insects
      • BANDED GRAPE BUG
      • BROWN MARMORATED STINK BUG (BMSB)
      • CLIMBING CUTWORMS
      • EUROPEAN CORN BORER
      • EUROPEAN RED MITES
      • GRAPE BERRY MOTH
      • GRAPE CANE BORER
      • GRAPE LEAFHOPPERS
      • GRAPE PHYLLOXERA
      • GRAPE ROOTWORM
      • GRAPE ROOT BORERS
      • GRAPE FLEA BEETLES OR STEELY BEETLES
      • GRAPE CANE GALLMAKERS
      • GRAPE CANE GIRDLERS
      • JAPANESE BEETLES
      • LYGOCORIS INCONSPICUOUS
      • MEALYBUGS AND SOFT SCALES
      • MULTICOLORED ASIAN LADY BEETLE (MALB)
      • PLUME MOTH
      • POTATO LEAFHOPPERS
      • RED-BANDED LEAFROLLER
      • ROSE CHAFERS
      • SPOTTED LANTERNFLY
      • SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA
      • THRIPS
      • TUMID GALLMAKER
      • YELLOWJACKETS, OTHER SOCIAL WASPS
    • 4.2 Insecticide Information
      • ACRAMITE
      • ACTARA
      • ADMIRE PRO
      • AGRI-MEK
      • ALTUS
      • ALTACOR
      • ASSAIL
      • AVAUNT
      • BAYTHROID XL
      • BIOBIT, DIPEL, DELIVER, BT NOW, OTHERS
      • BRIGADE 2EC
      • BRIGADIER
      • CYCLANILIPROLE 50SL
      • DANITOL
      • DELEGATE
      • DIAZINON
      • ENTRUST
      • EVERGREEN
      • GRANDEVO WDG
      • HERO
      • IMIDAN
      • INTREPID 2F
      • JMS STYLET OIL
      • KNACK
      • LEVERAGE 360
      • M-PEDE
      • MOVENTO
      • MUSTANG MAXX
      • NEALTA
      • NEXTER
      • ONAGER MITICIDE
      • PLATINUM
      • PORTAL
      • SEVIN XLR PLUS
      • SIVANTO PRIME and SIVANTO HL
      • SENSTAR
      • VENDEX
      • VENOM
      • VERDEPRYN 100SL
      • VOLIAM FLEXI
      • ZEAL MITICIDE1
      • Table 4.2.1 Effectiveness of insecticides for management of grape insects and mites.
      • Material
      • Table 4.2.1 Effectiveness of insecticides for management of grape insects and mites. (continued)
      • Table 4.2.2 Insecticides for use in New York and Pennsylvania vineyards
  • 5 Pest Management Schedules for Diseases and Major and Minor Insects
    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Pest Management Schedules for Diseases and Major Insects
      • 5.2.1 DORMANT
      • 5.2.2 DELAYED DORMANT
      • 5.2.3 BUD SWELL
      • 5.2.4 1-INCH SHOOT GROWTH (when the average shoot length is 1 inch)
      • 5.2.5 3- to 5-INCH SHOOT GROWTH
      • 5.2.6 10- to 12-INCH SHOOT GROWTH
      • 5.2.7 IMMEDIATE PREBLOOM (just before blossoms open)
      • 5.2.8 BLOOM
      • 5.2.9 FIRST POSTBLOOM SPRAY
      • 5.2.10 SECOND POSTBLOOM SPRAY
      • 5.2.11 MIDSUMMER SPRAYS
      • 5.2.12 PRE-HARVEST
      • 5.2.13 POSTHARVEST
    • 5.3 Pest Management Schedules for Minor and Special Insects
      • 5.3.1 DORMANT TO MID-SUMMER
      • 5.3.2 BUD SWELL TO 5-INCH SHOOT GROWTH (new shoots are 0-5 inches long)
      • 5.3.3 10- TO 12-INCH SHOOT GROWTH (new shoots are 10-12 inches long)
      • 5.3.4 SUMMER TO PREHARVEST
      • 5.3.5 PREHARVEST
      • 5.3.6 PREHARVEST to POSTHARVEST
  • 6 Vineyard Weed Management
    • 6.1 Introduction
    • 6.2 Resources
    • 6.3 Effective Use of Herbicides
      • Table 6.3.1 Acres of vineyard sprayed at different row and spray band widths to equal one acre of land surface sprayed.
    • 6.4 Preemergence Herbicides
      • ALION
      • CASORON CS
      • CHATEAU SW
      • GOAL 2XL, GOALTENDER
      • KARMEX DF, DIREX DF
      • MATRIX FNV
      • PRINCEP Caliber 90, PRINCEP 4L
      • PROWL H2O
      • SOLICAM DF
      • SURFLAN A.S
    • 6.5 Postemergence Herbicides
      • AIM
      • GRAMOXONE SL 2.0
      • MATRIX FNV
      • POAST
      • RELY 280
      • ROUNDUP
    • 6.6 Herbicides for Nonbearing Vineyards
      • AIM
      • CHATEAU SW
      • DEVRINOL DF-XT
      • FUSILADE DX
      • GALLERY 75 DF
      • GRAMOXONE SL 2.0
      • MATRIX FNV
      • POAST
      • PROWL H2O, PROWL 3.3 EC
      • RELY 280
      • SELECT 2 EC, VOLUNTEER
      • SELECT MAX
      • SURFLAN A.S., SURFLAN A.S SPECIALTY HERBICIDE
      • ROUNDUP
    • 6.7 Specialty Use Herbicides
      • CASORON 4G
      • DEVRINOL DF-XT
      • SCYTHE
      • SNAPSHOT 2.5 TG
      • TREFLAN
      • WEEDZSTOP, BIO-WEED
      • Table 6.7.1 Herbicides and their basic characteristics for New York and Pennsylvania vineyards. (Read the label for potential tank mixes and specific use, rate and timing of each product.)
  • 7 Sprayer Technology
    • 7.1 Solutions for Safer Spraying – Engineering Controls
      • 7.1.1 Areas of Exposure
      • Figure 7.1.1. Areas of potential pesticide exposure risk and engineering controls to reduce exposure.
    • 7.2 Preparing the Airblast Sprayer for Work
      • 7.2.1 Checking the Sprayer
      • 7.2.2 Fitting the Sprayer to the Tractor
      • CAUTION
      • 7.2.3 Checking the Operation of the Sprayer
      • 7.2.4 Pre-season Maintenance
    • 7.3 Sprayer Calibration
      • 7.3.1 Travel Speed Calibration
      • 7.3.2 Airblast Sprayer Calibration
      • Figure 7.3.1. Airblast Sprayer Calibration
      • 7.3.3 Calibrating a Kinkelder Sprayer
      • 7.3.4 Calibrating an AgTec Sprayer
      • 7.3.5 Boom Sprayer Calibration
      • Step 1. Check your tractor/sprayer speed
    • 7.4 Spray Nozzle Types
      • 7.4.1 Nozzles on the Net
    • 7.5 Selecting Nozzles from the Nozzle Catalogue – Airblast Sprayers
    • 7.6 Selecting Nozzles from the Nozzle Catalogue –Boom Sprayers
      • 7.6.1 Selecting a Nozzle to Give Desired Spray Quality
    • 7.7 Equipment for Weed Control in Vineyards
      • 7.7.1 Boom Applicators
      • 7.7.2 Sensor-Controlled Applicators
      • 7.7.3 Controlled Droplet Applicators (CDA)
      • 7.7.4 Flame Applicators
      • 7.7.5 Where to buy Equipment and Nozzles
    • 7.8 Drift Management Strategies
    • 7.9 Reducing Drift from Airblast Sprayers
    • 7.10 Going Spraying! Mixing Procedures
    • 7.11. Cleaning Sprayers
      • Table 7.11.1. Quantity and Location of Chemical Remnants in Crop Sprayers (in gallons)
      • Table 7.11.2. Concentration of Pesticide in Rinse Water
      • 7.11.1 Reducing Cleaning Problems
      • 7.11.2 Sprayer Cleansers
      • 7.11.3 Tank Rinse Systems (Low-Volume Tank Rinsing)
      • Figure 7.11.1. Sample layout of a sprayer rinse system
      • Figure 7.11.2. Two types of 360-degree tank rinse nozzles
      • 7.11.4 Sprayer Cleaning and Maintenance
      • 7.11.5 Cleaning when Similar Products are to be Used
      • 7.11.6 Cleaning when Product Type is Changed
      • 7.11.7 Disposal of Pesticide Waste
      • 7.11.8 Storage of Sprayers
    • 7.12 Spraying Small Vineyards
      • 7.12.1 Selecting a Small Sprayer for the Small Vineyard
      • 7.12.2 Calibrating Small Sprayers
      • 7.12.3 Calculating the Amount of Pesticide to Use
      • 7.12.4 Measuring Small Amounts of Pesticide
      • Table 7.12.1. How much powder or granules should I use?
      • 7.12.2. How much liquid should I use?
      • Table 7.12.3. Dilution of liquid products to various concentrations
    • 7.13 Application Equipment Distance Learning
  • 8 Pesticides for New York and Pennsylvania Vineyards
  • Tips for Laundering Pesticide-Contaminated Clothing

2024 New York and Pennsylvania Pest Management Guidelines for Grapes